Macbeths Ambition

Macbeths Ambition Macbeth experiences a consistently unfavorable change in Shakespeares play Macbeth. Macbeth goes from being an upright, merciful, coherent and caring man in the start of the play and getting intelligent, sympathetic, mindful, and principled man in the start of the play and turning into a remorseless and unfeeling reason of an individual. His adjustment in conduct from sympathetic to unfeeling and intelligent to irrational grows gradually, however most likely. Macbeth shows that he is able at his stature in being caring and consistent, which can be seen while he examines executing Duncan and in his ultimate conclusion on the issue. Afterward, we see proof of a plummet from this when he is choosing to slaughter Banquo: his thought processes change, and he turns out to be less sensible, less ready to see the reasons against the deed. At last, Macbeth shows that he has lost everything. Mental soundness, empathy, rationale, everything is gone that once had been so obvious toward the start of the play. Macbeth gets bored and pessimistic, impassively miserable, a mass of substance that had once lived in respect. In making an effort not to kill Duncan in his speech in Act I Scene VII, both the procedure by which Macbeth settles on his choice and a ultimate conclusion that he won't murder his lord are demonstrative of inner voice and keenness, profound quality and sympathy. This is the high point from which Macbeth will fall. Understand that he conquers both the enticement of inalienable aspiration just as incitement from his significant other concerning his portentous choice. He is on his own activities and choices: empathy, a moral property, overshadows vaulting desire. Anyway he initially shows he is very much aware of the correctional results of the homicide, so he concedes he would submit the death on the off chance that it were the be-all and the end-all, deficient with regards to any negative repercussions. The way that he can comprehend the judgment here shows he is thinking ahead. At that point, he truly states what may occur; that the ridiculous guidelines, lethal acts, may come back to torment the innovator, rebound to kill he who submitted murder in any case. Just an individual in an engaged perspective can wrestle with explicit expected outcomes. Besides, he at that point experiences a clothing rundown of moral reasons not to kill Duncan: I am his brother and his subject/Strong both against the deed. He understands, in a coherent movement on these moral focuses against the deed that he ought to ensure Duncan, shut the entryway from the killer not endure the blade [him]self. Here, he shows that he comprehends the duties of being a host and a brother, and he is seen regarding the laws of accommodation despite huge outside and inside weight. He shows he wants to think about it. At that point, Macbeth recognizes that Duncan has borne his resources so meek㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¹been so reasonable in office㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¹that his ethics will argue like holy messengers, and pity, similar to an exposed new-conceived babe,ã… Â /Shall blow the awful dead in each eye. Macb eth, in contrasting temperances with heavenly attendants, gives us that in his current situation with mind, he considers profound quality to be something to take a stab at, as holy messengers are the delegate apex of ethical quality. Moreover he accepts the homicide to be an awful or for this situation corrupt deed, demonstrating he can separate great from awful. The similitude of the infant, who speaks to feel sorry for, shows that Macbeth comprehends that pity is unadulterated, similar to a child, untainted by impropriety and vaulting desire. Macbeth demonstrates he tries to be good, since his last and unyielding choice is as per what pity requests. He isn't at all insensible to kill; he is for all intents and purposes spurned by it. In his talk in Act III Scene I, Macbeth is appeared to have dropped significantly from his unique state: he is envious, frightful, and unquestionably not merciful. He finds no explanation not to murder Banquo as he had with Duncan, however Macbeth unreservedly concedes that Banquo has an imperial nature. The use of regal here methods Macbeth despite everything can tell wrong from right, amiable attitude from terrible nature. Be that as it may, this doesn't in any capacity prevent Macbeth from murdering Banquo as it did with Duncan. Macbeth says, To be [king] is nothing;/But to be securely in this way implying the best way to accomplish wellbeing, which Macbeth likens to bliss, is to butcher Banquo. What is striking here is what is missing: there is no star con list, no reasons against the homicide. We are additionally appeared here by what isn't said that Macbeth is losing his commonsense aptitudes, since rationale directs that for him to submit another relentless homicide, the main having just determined him to hopeless a sleeping disorder, would cause him just to winding further and further away from bliss. The way that he doesnt consider Banquos profound quality as an explanation against executing him shows that Macbeth is en route to being absolutely numb when managing passing and murder. What's more, rather than being astute, Macbeth is blinded by dread and desire, since his virtuoso is rebukd [by Banquo]. This dread is clear when he says expressly that there is none yet he/Whose being I do fear. Banquo is the just a single Macbeth fears. Likewise, before he was worried about the laws of neighborliness which incorporate unobtrusiveness, and now by inconsistency he calls himself virtuoso and even looks at himself to Caesar. His desire, not aspiration like previously, drives him to have disdain for the wis[e] Banquo, in light of the fact that Banquo, as indicated by the witches, is father to a line of lords which implies Macbeth has an unbeneficial crown. Th e why of the dread is clarified by suggestion when Macbeth expresses that the desolate staff or silly image of Macbeths status as lord, will be wrenchd with an unlineal hand from his issue. To torque is to take commandingly, moving apprehension. This dread later goes to lament, as he says that just for Banquos relatives, just for them, instead of for himself has he killed the thoughtful Duncan. In his psyche, this implies he has sold his spirit, his endless gem, to the shared adversary of man Satan. This allegory shows self-recognized good rot, which is a twofold sided coin: ethically he has for sure rotted, but then he can even now remember it, which is a positive development. Be that as it may, he is so sensational about this point (the two shout marks: rulers! what's more, articulation!) that he is maybe losing power over his words if not his rational soundness, which is affirmed solidly when Banquos apparition rises up out of Macbeths tormented mind later. Complete plummet is no t too far off. From the outset he thinks about the profound quality of Duncan and himself. Pity had assumed an indispensable job in his life. Presently he thinks about his own prosperity. The subsequent stage is all out disregard. By Act V Scene V, Macbeth has fallen completely from his unique state. He has lost all sympathy, all soul, even all dread. Fundamentally, Macbeth is absolutely numb from life. He says unequivocally that he minds so little that he has nearly forgot[ten] the flavor of fears. Dynamically his feelings of trepidation had limited: initially he dreaded the corrective and good outcomes of murdering Duncan. At any rate later he had dreaded Banquo however for less respectable reasons. Presently he fears basically nothing. A night-screech can not awaken anymore and mix him since he has suppd full with detestations. The main way loathsomeness could get unfit to begin Macbeth would be in the event that he is excessively numb even to have the option to remember it. Toward the start, as appeared, he is spurned by the repulsiveness of homicide; presently he is excessively acquainted with slaughterous contemplations even to be scared. The word slaughterous suggests savage, practically shocking musing s, which pass on the degree to which Macbeth genuinely is numb to blood. Macbeth is then informed that his significant other is dead. Immediately his response is one of aloof misery, which is a gigantic fall even from thinking about being securely ruler (in choosing to kill Banquo). He just says about his significant other that she ought to have passed on in the future, that she would have kicked the bucket at some point regardless. By saying this, Macbeth shows he no longer considers time we do. Clearly, everybody kicks the bucket, including his significant other, however he neglects to recognize or even consideration about the time that he could have gone through with his dearest accomplice in enormity between her current passing and when she would have kicked the bucket normally. Truth be told, his new disposition of time is fatigued, dreadful, miserable. The tedium of the sound of the expression to-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow shows he feels that time really is simply a wide range of ways prompting a similar inescapable end: dusty demise. The entirety of our yesterdays lead to this passing. He leaves no escape clause to beat this skeptical arrangement of presence. He even urges demise on, corresponding to himself, saying Out, out brief light! The picture of a flame gradually glinting ceaselessly is Macbeths method of passing on wonderfully that life is genuinely nothing more that a vacant shell moving toward death, a mobile shadowã… Â that worries his hour upon the stage. The word worries infers sitting around. This flame is then heard no more, so subsequently its reality, Macbeths presence, is inconsequential. Despite the fact that life is brimming with sound and rage, amazing occasions, it still signif[ies] nothing. Life is empty. The plunge is finished. He doesnt care for his better half, nor himself, since life is only a story told by an imbecile. Life, that which Macbeth had would have liked to live securely and cheerfully, has now been fi nished up to be inconsequential, an exercise in futility. Concerning the distinction among great and terrible, life now for Macbeth is all dim, blurred by criticism. He essentially couldn't care less any longer, provided that something signif[ies] nothing then it amounts to nothing. What's more, in the event that one finds no importance throughout everyday life, one absolutely doesnt care about trivial qualifications, for example, great versus awful, profound quality versus unethical behavior, life versus demise. Nothing can be lower, inwardly, than this point in Macbeths relapse. By portraying Macbeths relapse from sympathy to aloofness, Shakespeare cautions us that one ought make an effort not to surpass ones set masculinity, as Macbet

David Sedaris and Projecting Sexual Orientations Through Speech Research Paper

David Sedaris and Projecting Sexual Orientations Through Speech - Research Paper Example The opening of the report comprises of the data about David Sedaris as an essayist. Authors for the most part expound on their encounters. As a writer and a humorist, David Sedaris narratives his encounters and that's only the tip of the iceberg, all together for the individuals to get engaged. His works can be ironical and lifeless, or possibly overstated. Whatever the style is, David Sedaris is a writer of life. What's more, his life, regardless of whether you need to let it be known or not, is truly fascinating, and that makes it entirely meaningful. Be that as it may, of course, David Sedaris is definitely not an uncommon man. Truth be told, he is a lot of like the remainder of the world, which is the reason numerous individuals read him. In any case, the reality remains that he is certain intriguing enough with regards to arrange for the individual to have such fascinating encounters †encounters that lead the perusers to appreciate a clever, vicarious encounter. For what re ason is this so? For what reason is David Sedaris really fascinating to the remainder of the world? David Sedaris is an American author, above all else. A large portion of his works center around his encounters on being American: being American in America (as he reviewed in â€Å"End of the Affair† in the book Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim, for instance), being American in Paris or being American in Japan, or any place it was he went, (for example, the expositions in When You Are Engulfed In Flames). He offers an alternate interpretation of being American, and this is to a great extent because of his bright character and his capacity to acknowledge reality. His works are interesting to a great extent in view of the individuals around him which can be very raucous and amusing, all since they vary than the vast majority. Be that as it may, by and large, the perceptions made by Sedaris as an American are very helpful for the voyager, as they can really utilize the data as apparatuses for understanding, as oneself expostulating silliness can really feature the defects on has for being what his identity is, which for this situation, is being American. It offers non-one-sided, non-critical reflection on how it is to be an American, particularly abroad. Add to the way that he is a smoker, and how it intends to be a smoker. Encounters which identify with being a smoker can be generally found in the book, When You Are Engulfed With Flames, particularly being a smoker in remote nations like France and Japan. Be that as it may, at that point his prior work consistently through references to smoking, particularly with his family: his mom and sisters are for the most part smokers. This time, smoking isn't lectured as fortunate or unfortunate, it simply is smoking. His being a smoker adds measurement to his persona, to his encounters. He is additionally not rich. He originated from a regular workers family. His papers spin on his encounters as a battling es sayist. He was a cleaning fellow in New York for quite a while. He was likewise an apple-picker once, just to try sentimentalism. In spite of the fact that they were not battling as a family, his encounters as a youngster (or kid) attempting to get by are amusing. There is this article where he discusses how fixated he was at being rich. He was consistent visionary. That’s without a doubt, and his steady to be a piece of something graduate, something that the vast majority are not aware of, makes him an excellent vessel for some, who might likewise want to attempt his jokes, however couldn’t. Yet, he additionally endured a few tics. Possibly they were formative tics at that point, who knows. In Naked, there is an exposition called a â€Å"Plague of Tics†, calmly making his involvement in tics open to

Profile of Wilhelm Wundt, the Father of Psychology

Profile of Wilhelm Wundt, the Father of Psychology History and Biographies Print Wilhelm Wundt Biography The Father of Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on September 16, 2019 Bettmann / Contributor / Getty Images More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In This Article Table of Contents Expand Father of Psychology His Life Career Influence Other Thinkers View All Back To Top Who is considered the father of psychology?  This question does not necessarily have a cut-and-dry answer since many individuals have contributed to the inception, rise, and evolution of modern-day psychology. Well take a closer look at a single individual who is most often cited as well as other individuals who are also considered fathers of various branches of psychology. The Father of Modern Psychology Wilhelm Wundt is the man most commonly identified as the father of psychology.?? Why Wundt? Other people such as Hermann von Helmholtz, Gustav Fechner, and Ernst Weber were involved in early scientific psychology research, so why are they not credited as the father of psychology? Wundt is bestowed this distinction because of his  formation of the worlds first experimental psychology lab, which is usually noted as the official start of psychology as a separate and distinct science.?? By establishing a lab that utilized scientific methods to study the human mind and behavior, Wundt took psychology from a mixture of philosophy and biology and made it a unique field of study. In addition to making psychology a separate science, Wundt also had a number of students who went on to become influential psychologists themselves. Edward B. Titchener was responsible for establishing the school of thought known as structuralism, James McKeen Cattell became the first professor of psychology in the United States, and G. Stanley Hall established the first experimental psychology lab in the U.S.?? His Life Wilhelm Wundt was a German psychologist who  established the very first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. This event is widely recognized as the formal establishment of psychology as a science distinct from biology and philosophy. Among his many distinctions, Wundt was the very first person to refer to himself as a psychologist. He is often associated with the school of thought known as structuralism, although it was his student Edward B. Titchener who was truly responsible for the formation of that school of psychology. Wundt also developed a research technique known as introspection, in which highly trained observers would study and report the content of their own thoughts.?? Career in Psychology Wilhelm Wundt graduated from the University of Heidelberg with a degree in medicine. He went on to study briefly with Johannes Muller and later with the physicist Hermann von Helmholtz. Wundts work with these two individuals is thought to have heavily influenced his later work in experimental psychology. Wundt later wrote the  Principles of Physiological Psychology  (1874), which helped establish experimental procedures in psychological research.?? After taking a position at the University of Liepzig, Wundt founded the  first of only two experimental psychology labs  in existence at that time. Although a third lab already existedâ€"William James  established a lab at Harvard, which was focused on offering teaching demonstrations rather than experimentation.  G. Stanley Hall  founded the first American  experimental psychology  lab at John Hopkins University. Wundt is often associated with the theoretical perspective known as structuralism, which involves describing the structures that compose the mind. Structuralism is regarded as the very first  school of thought in psychology. He believed that psychology was the science of conscious experience and that trained observers could accurately describe thoughts, feelings, and  emotions  through a process known as introspection. However, Wundt made a clear distinction between  introspection, which he believed was inaccurate, and internal perception. According to Wundt, internal perception involved a properly trained observer who was aware when a stimulus of interest was introduced. Wundts process required the observer to be keenly aware and attentive of their thoughts and reactions to the stimulus and involved multiple presentations of the stimulus. Of course, because this process relies on personal interpretation, it is highly subjective. Wundt believed that systematically varying the conditions of the experiment would enhance the generality of the observations. While Wundt is  typically associated with structuralism, it was actually his student  Edward B. Titchener  who influenced the structuralist school in America. Many historians believe that Titchener actually misrepresented much of Wundts original ideas. Instead, Wundt referred to his point of view as volunteerism. While Titcheners structuralism involved breaking down elements to study the structure of the mind, Blumenthal (1979) has noted that Wundts approach was actually much more holistic. Wundt also established the psychology journal  Philosophical Studies.  In a 2002 ranking of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth-century, Wundt was ranked at number 93. Influence The creation of a psychology lab established psychology as a separate field of study with its own methods and questions. Wilhelm Wundts support of experimental psychology also set the stage for  behaviorism  and many of his experimental methods are still used today. Wundt also had many students who later became prominent psychologists, including Edward Titchener,  James McKeen Cattell, Charles Spearman,  G. Stanley Hall, Charles Judd, and  Hugo Munsterberg. Other Thinkers Also Considered Fathers of Psychology A number of other influential thinkers can also claim to be fathers of psychology in some way or another. The following are just a few of these individuals who are noted in specific areas of psychology:?? William James: The Father of American Psychology; he helped establish psychology in the U.S. and his book, The Principles of Psychology, became an instant classic.?Sigmund Freud: The Father of Psychoanalysis; his theories and work established psychoanalysis as a major school of thought in psychology.?Hugo Münsterberg: The Father of Applied Psychology; he was an early pioneer of several applied areas including clinical, forensic and industrial-organizational psychology.?John Bowlby: The Father of Attachment Theory; he developed the theory of attachment.?Kurt Lewin: The Father of Social Psychology; his work pioneered the use of scientific methods to study social behavior.?Edward Thorndike: The Father of Modern Educational Psychology; his research on the learning process helped establish the foundation for educational psychology.?Jean Piaget: The Father of Developmental Psychology; his theory of cognitive development revolutionized how research thought about childrens intellectual grow th.?Ulric Neisser: The Father of Modern Cognitive Psychology; the cognitive movement in psychology received a major boost from the publication of his 1967 book, Cognitive Psychology.?Lightner Witmer: The Father of Modern Clinical Psychology; he founded the worlds first journal devoted to clinical psychology, The Psychological Clinic, in 1907.?Gordon Allport: The Father of Personality Psychology; he was one of the first psychologists to study personality. A Word From Verywell Wundt was not only the very first person to refer to himself as a psychologist, he also established psychology as a formal discipline separate from philosophy and biology. While his introspective method does not meet the empirical rigor of research today, his emphasis on experimental methods did pave the way for the future of experimental psychology. Thanks to his work and contributions, a whole new field was established and inspired other researchers to explore and study the human mind and behavior. Obviously, not everyone is going to agree with these generalized titles. A few people might suggest that Freud is the father of psychology since he is perhaps one of its most known figures. Others might suggest that Aristotle is the true father of psychology since he is responsible for the theoretical and philosophical framework that contributed to psychologys earliest beginnings. Still others might argue that those earliest researchers such as Helmholtz and Fechner deserve credit as the founders of psychology. No matter which side of the argument you are on, one thing that is easy to agree on is that all of these individuals had an important influence on the growth and development of psychology. While the theories of each individual are not necessarily as influential today, all of these psychologists were important in their own time and had a major impact on how psychology evolved into what it is today.

1930s Books That Resonate Today

Tougaloo College Admissions ACT Scores, Costs More

Jersey Shore Analysis Free Essays

Since the first season of Jersey Shore it has become one of America’s most viewed television shows. Teens are going to local barbershops to get a blowout, to imitate Dj Pauly D’s hairstyle. Others mimicking Vinny’s signature dance move â€Å"The Fist Pump. We will write a custom essay sample on Jersey Shore Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now † However, even though the influence of Jersey Shore doesn’t span most of the nation, it certainly has influence among teens and young adults. The Jersey Shore has some negative influences such as the way sex is portrayed, binge drinking, and materialism. Despite all of the negative influences in the Jersey Shore, there are also good traits for teens and young adults to pick up on such as loyalty, family importance and comradery among the group that is actually quite admirable. The Jersey Shore is a popular MTV reality television series that features seven New Jersey natives whose favorite past times include tanning, working out, and clubbing. The cast members include Jenni (JWoww), Nicole (Snooki), Vinny, Sammi, Mike (The Situation), Pauly and Ronny. According to MTV all cast member were selected at random. In the first season the cast members meet for the first time in Seaside Heights, New Jersey. Other seasons have the cast go to Italy and Florida. The opening credits alone are filled with profanity, loud house party music and a quote from JWoww – â€Å"After I have sex with a guy, I will rip their heads off. † Teens and young adults look up to these seven individuals because their lives are portrayed as interesting and â€Å"living the life. Every episode of The Jersey Shore has a scene where one of the cast members is partaking in sexual activity. There’s nothing wrong with having sexual intercourse as long as the proper precautions are taken. In none of the episodes have the cast members talked about using condoms, birth control, or sexual transmitted diseases. Instead the guys are out looking for DTF girls. DTF is their slang word for â€Å"Down to ****† you can probably guess the rest. The cast has even assigned a room called â€Å"The Smush Room. This room is the designated place to have sex. Instead of sexual activity being more intimate with your partner, it is portrayed as a competition. If the woman who comes over doesn’t want to partake in sexual activity they are rudely kicked out. The Situation responded to one of these women, with no interest in having sex by saying â€Å"Don’t come over somebody’s house at f—n 5 a. m. and expect to play checkers. † The Jersey Shore cast likes having fun. Their type of fun is drinking large amounts of alcohol and partying into to the early morning. Binge drinking can lead to fatality, but in the show it is portrayed as fun. They get drunk and that’s when all the problems start. They get into fights, get kicked out of clubs, and some cast members even end up in jail. All those situations are played off as â€Å"the cool thing to do. † When in reality all those actions can lead to serious legal matters. The show has flaws but it also shows how loyal the cast is, Even though they just met each other in the past couple of years, the members often refer to the group as a family. They eat dinner together almost every night and they only leave the club as a group. They look out for one another. The show makes it clear that they treasure family among all things. The show gives us a different view on the cast at times. It makes them more human in a way and allows us to learn some lessons on what to do and what not to do. No matter if you think the show is good or bad it will be watched by many because it offers entertainment. The lesson here is to realize it’s just a show and the way the cast lives are portrayed is fictional. It’s doubtful that teens approve of everything that takes place on The Jersey Shore, so it gives them the opportunity to be critics of the salient negative messages portrayed on the show. Teens are typically influenced by media role models when they don’t have a parental structure that guides them in determining which role models are positive influences and which are negative. Helping them understand the difference can often make all the difference. How to cite Jersey Shore Analysis, Essay examples

Employment Relations Sample Solution on Definition & Concept

Question: Identify an employment relations issue in your current workplace (or an organisation you have recently worked in). Answer: Literature review Employee relations dates back to the 1800s .This was a period characterized by industrial revolution which hit Europe and America and saw a rise of a great deal of industries which subsequently led to the rise in demand for human labor to work in these industries. In effect the increase in the demand of labor came with a number of challenges touching on the lives of employees. These included poor working conditions, bad employee employer relations where by employees were treated as objects without feelings in the industries and were unfairly remunerated which largely affected the lives of the working class. In the Australian context Industrial relations concept was first .introduced in the early 1860s and 1870s.The passage of the trade unions act in the 19th Century enabled employees to engage in collective bargaining with their employers regarding their pay and working conditions. With various legislations being put in place and the Trade unions bargaining on behalf of the employees, their working conditions have continued to improve. The issue of pay and employee benefits has been an issue of great concern in many parts world. Any country can experience this issue irrespective of the regulations put in place to govern the employee employer relations. So basically pay and benefits related concerns are issues of concerns worldwide and are not a preserve for any country. Introduction Employee pay or remuneration denotes the amount of compensation that an employee receives from the employer regarding the work that they offer. It is a compensation for their efforts .Employees remuneration should be reasonable and fair and in accordance to the work performed by the employees. According to various labor regulations employees should not be underpaid for the services offered to the employer. But rather they should be fairly to motivate them yet further. On the other hand employee benefits are those benefits that accrue to an employee for being part of a given business entity or organization. They are monetary or no monetary compensation packages offered to employees. Employee benefits vary from firm to firm and may depend on factors such as the financial strength of a firm. However there those that are a requirement under various laws and regulations such as paid leaves. Employee benefits play a great role in the motivation of employees for them to perform their duties efficiently. Significance With the rise of more legislation safeguarding the employees against unfair treatment by the employers, employees are bound to rise up and demand for their right guaranteed by the law. They can achieve this trough legal action or other means that are allowed under labor laws. Employee remuneration paly significant role in the success of business and any business entity that remunerates its employees and offers then competitive benefits will have a competitive advantage over its competitors unlike those that do not. In Particular sound employee compensation and benefits have a great impact on the productivity of the employee. According to the various motivation theories any form of motivation will have a significant positive impact on an individual so if these employees are provided with various benefits and are well remunerated they are likely to be positively motivated which will mean that they will do their assigned tasks whole heartedly which will have a significant impact on their productivity and the productivity of the company as a whole. Without these put in place, a company can significantly deteriorate in its operations. Various labor laws have been developed to guide the conduct of the employer towards the employee; among them are those that regulate the compensation and the various benefits that are guaranteed to the employees by the law. If these requirements are not met by the employer, the law allows the employee to take a legal action against the employer by presenting the labor dispute to an industrial court. This is never healthy for any business enterprise as it has a significant impact on the reputation of the organization in the public eye, a company should take care of the employee remuneration and other benefits to avoid any legal hurdles that are likely to have an impact on its reputation. Employee turnover denotes the rate at which employee move from one employer to another in pursuit for better employment terms. Employees will often be on the move as they search for personal fulfillment career wise with regard to competitive benefits. Better compensation and other work related benefits will ensure that employees do not move from one organization to another. Companies that have high employee turnover usually have a bad reputation in the minds of the public and that will negatively impact on their operations. On the other had retention of employee plays a significant role in the success of organizations. It denotes the process by which qualified and experienced employees are retained in their present organizations for long duration of time. An organization that provides competitive remuneration and benefits for its employees will face less employee turnover which means that they will be able to retain the best talents which will work to their advantage over their competitors and their performance and overall output will not be affected. It is significant therefore those employees are provided with good working terms including competitive salaries and other benefits for them to remain with their present employers. An organization that has good and effective working relations with its employees will have a good image among the members of the public and among the potential qualified employees out in the market. This means that it will be in a position attracting the most qualified talents in the market as employees will always want to associate with the nest employers in the market. Its Significant therefore that an employer provide fair wages and other benefits to their employees to maintain a good public image and be in a position of attracting the best candidate in the market which will have a significant impact in its operations. Manifestations In the workplace unfavorable or unfair compensation packages can be manifested in a number of ways on the part of the employees. Based on the case of 7 Eleven, It was quite possible to identify an employee who was not paid well or denied other benefits based on how employees were conducting themselves in the various tasks assigned to them or generally in their places of work. This was manifested in a number of ways that were quite explicit. Among them was trough low productivity of employees. Unmotivated employees will often lack the zeal to perform the tasks assigned to them to the best of their abilities. This will have a negative impact on their output which will be witnessed also in the overall reduction in the productivity of the organizations that they work for this also has the potential of bringing down organizations which hitherto had been thriving in their operations.in the case of 7 eleven low productivity was a real issue which threatened the survival of the company and had it not been handled in a timely manner it could have been disastrous. Another manifestation was through a decline in the profit margins of the organization. The profitability of organizations to a large extent depends on the human resources working for it. If various legal regulations guiding their works are met these employees will often have a high driving force in their undertakings. The profitability of the organizations prior to encountering pay related issues with its employees had been relatively steady, however with the emergence of these issues the profitability went down considerably. This signifies the fact that if employees are paid well and provided with other benefits, their performance levels will remain high meaning that the profitability margins of any organization will not be affected. Due to the problems experienced a number of employees who were demotivated and quite unsatisfied with their working conditions, left the organization for other organizations with better employment terms. So the issue was manifested through employee turnover which left the organization without some of its best talents. This had a significant impact on its competitiveness which worked to the advantage of the competitors. Employees grievances related to their pay and other matters pertaining their employment can also be manifested through their work output. Motivated employees will display high levels of performance. However in the case of employees who are dissatisfied with their working conditions, go slows are one of the ways of expressing their dissatisfaction .In the case of 7 Eleven, there was a considerable intentional decline in the performance of employees. Employees chose to work at slower rates than before which affected the amount of output. Another way in which employees lack of better salaries and employee benefits can be manifested through an increase in the absenteeism case among the employees .Employees just like any other human beings need something to drive them to act .If a positive action is positively and fairly rewarded it be repeated often while if a positive action is repeated and there is no positive rewards for the action it will be avoided. If therefore employees are not paid well even after putting all their efforts into their assigned tasks and including their coming to work every day, they will be demoralized in such a way that they will occasionally avoid reporting to work because they lack a motivating factor. A couple of employees working for 7 eleven recorded high cases of absenteeism which kept on increasing until when they decided to quit the organization. Causes poor remunerations and lack of competitive employee benefits Remunerations and employee benefits differ from organization to organization. There are those organizations that have very attractive compensation packages for various positions as well as other employee benefits while to others these employees benefits and attractive salaries are lacking. However there are quite a number of reasons why there exists lack of uniformity in the compensation rates among different business entities. These are some of the factors that prohibit some organizations from compensating their employees competitively. These factors can be either external or internal to the organization and can be within or out of the control of organizations. Such causes include: Ability to pay. This is basically the companys or organizations financial muscle or the amount of wealth owned by the organization. A companys financial strength can be attributed to a number of factors among them the size of the market that it covers. Companies serving large geographical areas will in most case have a large customer base which in effect will result to increased profits for the company which means it can pay its employees well. It can also be determined by the companys industry. There are those business ventures that are quite profitable to venture into while others are not that profitable. For example a communication service providing company or a company that deals with gold products can make more money than a company manufacturing chicken feeds. Losses. Losses can also be another cause of poor employee remunerations in some organizations. Specifically if a company or organization continuously makes losses for a long period of time, this can attribute to its inability to pay its employees well because of lack of adequate finances to run its operations. Consequently if as a result of employees negligence the company makes huge losses there could be a necessity of revising the employees salaries for the organization to be able to cater for these losses. Availability of Labour: Just like goods and services, Labour is also affected by the forces of demand and supply, this means that the compensations for Labor will also be affected by these forces of demand in that the higher the supply or the availability of labor in the market, the lower the compensation rates, consequently the lower the supply of labor into the market, the higher the compensation rates. So, poor employee remunerations alongside lack of or poor employee benefits could be attributed to these forces to a great extent. Organizations compensation policies: Some organizations have set policies in such a way that employees salaries should not go beyond certain set limits, these policies apply to all employees. On the other hand employees expect salary increment from time to time and incase it reaches to a point where the employees do not expect any further increment in their salaries issues could arise which could jeopardize the operations of an organization. Therefore low salaries and benefits for employees could be as result of these policies. Employees skills and experience: In most cases employees salaries will be directly proportional to the level of competence and the level of experience. In most case you will find employees doing the same tasks but earning different salaries. This is because they possess different skills and capabilities. If therefore a company has employees who possess low skills or who are not quite competent, and particularly if this is reflected in their performance levels, where they are quite low or do not meet the required standards, this could be a cause of low remunerations and lack of other benefits. Increase in the Cost of direct inputs: An increase in the cost of direct inputs into the production process such as raw materials could have an impact in on the employees salaries. Particularly if the increased cost cannot be catered for by an increase in the price of goods and services, the management could result to reviewing of employees in order for it not to occur losses. This would also include withdrawing of other employees benefits like paid holidays and leaves. Impact on the work place Unfulfilled employee expectations such as poor wages and lack of other employee benefits can affect the work place in a number of ways. First there is likely to be poor coordination of activities because most of the employees will not pay so much attention to the work that they will be performing. This means that some tasks will not be done satisfactorily or others will be left undone. Consequently antagonism is likely to result among the employee and their supervisors especially where the supervisors require the employees to perform certain tasks and the employees are not willing to or they defy these orders. This Will have major impact in the operations of the organization in those tasks will not be performed in a timely and effective manner. Consequently it will lead to an increase in the customer related complaints attributed to poor services offered by the organization .This will lead to a loss in customer confidence in the organization as well, as loss of customers who will shift their allegiance to other organizations where they feel that that the services offered are worth their money. Impact on the society The Society is the immediate beneficiary or loser in case an organization becomes productive or unproductive. Where by an organization is progressing well business wise, it will play its corporate social responsibility role effectively by sponsoring various community based programs that are aimed at improving or making better their lives. This could be through the creation of social amenities provision of water services among other important social services. It could also sponsor educational programs by providing scholarships to needy students within the communitys. In case of a situation where there is instability within such organizations, the society will be the biggest loser because these services will be withdrawn because of lack of adequate finances to support them. Also they will be affected the companys role of environmental conservation may be neglected. Recommendations A company involved in pay related tussles with its employees should adopt a negotiation technique where they bring the employees and the management on a negotiation table and try to create an understanding based on the prevailing circumstances. Consequently they can look for a mediator to mediate over the issue to ensure that it does not get out of hand. References: Sims, R. R. (2007). Human resource management: Contemporary issues, challenges and opportunities. Greenwich, Conn: Information Age Publ Lussier, P. R. N. (2015). Human Resource Management: Functions, Applications, and Skill Development. New York: Sage Publications, Inc. Price, A. (2011). Human resource management. Andover: Cengage Learning EMEA. Pynes, J. (2013). Human resources management for public and nonprofit organizations: A strategic approach. Noe, R. A. (2013). Fundamentals of human resource management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Burke, R. J., Cooper, C. L. (2012). Human resource management in the nonprofit sector: Passion, purpose and professionalism. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Lengnick-Hall, M. L., Lengnick-Hall, C. A. (2003). Human resource management in the knowledge economy: New challenges, new roles, new capabilities. San Francisco, Calif: Berrett-Koehler. Miner, J. B., Crane, D. P. (1995). Human resource management: The strategic perspective. New York: Harper Collins College. Buhler, P. (2010). Human Resources Management: All the Information You Need to Manage Your Staff and Meet Your Business Objectives. Cincinnati: F+W Media. Arthur, D. (2004). Fundamentals of human resources management. New York, N.Y: American Management Association. Aswathappa, K. (2013). Human resource management: Text and cases. New Delhi: McGraw Hill Education. Collings, D. G., Wood, G. (2009). Human resource management: A critical approach. London: Routledge. Chelladurai, P. (2006). Human resource management in sport and recreation. Leeds: Human Kinetics. Brewster, C., Mayrhofer, W. (2012). Handbook of research on comparative human resource management. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A. (2006). Human resource management at work: People management and development. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Noe, R. A. (2013). Fundamentals of human resource management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Burke, R. J., Cooper, C. L. (2012). Human resource management in the nonprofit sector: Passion, purpose and professionalism. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Losey, M., Meisinger, S., Ulrich, D. (2007). The Future of Human Resource Management: 64 Thought Leaders Explore the Critical HR Issues of Today and Tomorrow. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. In Ehnert, I., In Harry, W., In Zink, K. J. (2014). Sustainability and human resource management: Developing sustainable business organizations. Sims, R. R. (2002). Organizational success through effective human resources management. Westport, Ct: Quorum Books. Lengnick-Hall, M. L., Lengnick-Hall, C. A. (2003). Human resource management in the knowledge economy: New challenges, new roles, new capabilities. San Francisco, Calif: Berrett-Koehler. Baker, J. R., Doran, M. S. (2007). Human resource management: A problem-solving approach linked to ISLLC standards. Lanham, Md: Rowman Littlefield Education. Truss, C., Mankin, D., Kelliher, C. (2012). Strategic human resource management. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Egyptair Flight 990-Informative Speech Essays - Brookhaven, New York

Egyptair Flight 990-Informative Speech Title: The Pilot or The Plane? General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To inform the audience of a plane crash that occurred a couple of weeks ago. I. Introduction A. (Attention Getter) Passengers on EgyptAir were beginning to get relaxed, take a quick nap, or drink a cup of coffee. All of a sudden, a big rumble on the plane occurs, passengers notice that their coffee mugs are beginning to spill, and their weight is beginning to be shifted. They then see that there overhead luggage is being tossed from their compartments to the other side of the plane. Everyone begins screaming, holding on to their seats, trying to buckle their seatbelts. As they look around, they see others being tossed around like a salad. They begin to feel weightless, they hear one last crash and then silence seizes the rest of their lives forever. B. (Reason to Listen) Flight 990 just recently went through this trauma and now that the black box was discovered, there are a few possibilities why the plane nose dived into the ocean in about twenty-eight seconds. Many people fly many different places everyday without knowing or thinking about what can happen up in the air, and with so many lives lost in plane crashes, there is no knowing which plane will be the next one. C. (Speaker Credibility) I have researched this article from Newsweek and have studied the pictures and diagrams thoroughly. I believe that with the information given, I am able to talk about this topic openly. D. (Thesis and Preview) Today I am going to speak about the significance of EgyptAir Flight 990, and the rapid descent that occurred that caused many lives to be lost. I will first talk about how the plane ended up 250 feet under the ocean, and second, I will speak about what happened to the pilots at the time of the descent and what could have occurred. II. Body A. Everything that occurred was noted on the black box, which tells in details what occurred in the cock pit of the plane. 1. The autopilot was disengaged deliberately by someone at 33,000 feet in then air. a. This something that is normally done when preparing to descend routinely or in case of an emergency. b. About 8 seconds after the autopilot was disengaged, someone made the plane face straight down with the ?nose? downward. c. Next, someone then decreased power in both of the two engines and then cut the power off completely. 2. There was no sign of trouble with the engines and no sign of why the engines were almost restarted. a. This could actually happen if the pilot was trying to restart the engine after dying, but there was no engine problems at the time. b. There was no call to air-traffic controllers to warn anyone about what was happening or if help was needed. Transition: With no warning to what was happening in the air, many conclusions are being considered. B. There are many thoughts to why the plane may have been positioned nose down and why the engines were shut off. 1. Some investigators think that this could have been a suicide attempt out of plain madness. 2. Other investigators along with some FBI think that there just have maybe been a struggle in the cockpit in the plane. 3. U.S. officials are working with the Egyptian government to ask family members and friends about the victims and as well as the pilots. Transition: With so many circumstances being considered, the FBI is being pushed away from investigations. C. The White House has declared that the FBI do not get too involved into the investigation until NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board) investigators are through with their searches. 1. The NTSB did not want to have another fiasco like that which happened with the TWA 800 flight. a. With the TWA 800 flight, the FBI suspected that the plane crash was due to terrorist bombs or missiles. b. The NTSB wanted the least publicity possible for flight 990. 2. FBI officials are now angry with NTSB officials for not allowing them to look into the crash. a. FBI has been shut out of the analyzing of the flight recorder. b. They have even been pushed away from the podium by the NTSB during a press conference. 3. The NTSB is not yet through searching the waters for more clues. a. They have not yet found all the pieces of the plane. b. It is guessed that the pieces missing can be no bigger than the back of a chair. III. Conclusion A. (Summary and

Social Categorization and Social Construction theory

Social Categorization and Social Construction theory Free Online Research Papers It is through social interactions that have put people to act and react implication to others. Due to the social interactions we learn what is acceptable and what is not. Over time these rules become internalised within us and eventually become an unconscious part of our lives and our identity. Social identity theory asserts that group membership creates in group self-categorisation and enhancement in ways that favour the in group at the expense of the out-group and associating with a group even under minimal circumstances is enough to create in group out-group hostility. I will explore the effects of the contact theory or intergroup behaviour. It is also the aim of this essay to explain what is meant by the term social construction and social categorisation and how these two theories have further to our understanding of identity. Social categorisation is viewed as a perception cognition or behaviour that is influenced by peoples recognition that day and other are members of distinct social groups. Relations between social groups can have far reaching and persuasive effects on the behaviour of member of these groups, effects that go well and beyond situations of face-to-face intergroup encounters. Social construction his used to describe how we as humans understand how the world is conscripted in and through social relations there are many different ways of understanding the same issue, rather than they had been an objective reality. Our behaviour is regulated by guidelines, which make everyday life predictable and understandable causing us to behave in a certain way the way that is seen as the norm. Housework provides a good example of the social construction being seen as the norm in Western societies many people thought that it was natural for women to be whipped rather than men to do all the housework. (Phoenix, 2002). It seemed natural because that was what usually happened and continued for as long as people remembered. The next sample of a construction was taken from natural because it had been the excepted pattern for a long time it wasnt until the feminist viewpoint argued for equality for women, that the idea was that it is not natural for women to do all the housework that another construction developed. Tajfel devised an intriguing paradigm to exploring the effects of intergroup behaviour using minimal effects (Tajfel, 1982). Two random groups of children were made, but allegedly on the basis of their express preference for paintings by two different artists. The children only knew the group table in with the identity of out-group and fellow in group members concealed. The result showed the children strongly favoured their own group they adopted the in group favouritism strategy despite such minimal effects and how this was created on the basis of a flimsy criteria. The robust finding from hundreds of minimal group experiments conducted is that the mere fact of being categorised as the group members seems to be necessary to produce ethnocentrism and competitive intra group behaviour. Social identity phenomena are motivated by two underlying processes self enhancement and uncertainty reduction. One of the key premises of the social identity approach is that group stand in status and pressed each relation to one another some groups are simply more prestigious and higher status than other. Jane Elliott, made a short movie called the eye of the storm, of a classroom demonstration in which he divided her class of very young children into those with blue and those with brown eyes. For one day the brown eyes, and then for one day the blue eyes were assigned inferior status, hence they were ridiculed, denied privileges. In a follow-up study of the students when they were 18, Elliot found that they reported themselves as being more tolerant of differences between groups and actively opposed to prejudice. Wright (1997) and his colleagues suggested that intergroup friendship between others if my friend John has close out group of friends then maybe the out-group isnt quite as bad as I thought. When people are separated they are likely to experienced hostility, resulting in failure to understand the reason for their actions. Lack of contact means theres no way of checking out interpretations of others. Bringing people into contact with each other should make them seem more familiar, and at least offer the possibility that negative cycle can be interrupted and even reversed. We have seen that by just allocating individuals to groups can create prejudice for and against individuals. Prejudice allow self-esteem to be enhanced by belonging to the positive group, creating hostility to others seen as inferior, for no reason other than that individuals are allocated social categories. Individuals also advocate themselves to a groups of higher social standing using social mobility e.g. through promotion in employment, leaving behind what was seen as being inferior. In social construction, language is a powerful tool, used to justify particular perspective, an example of the unused is that of (Potter and Wetherell,1987) which illustrates this whether we call someone a freedom fighter or a terrorist, the two terms can refer to the same person in each constructs a different way of viewing that person and the world. Social construction is an idea which may appear to be natural and obvious to those who accept it, but in reality it is an invention of a particular culture or society. The social constructionist approach allows us to change our identity throughout our lives, as Gergen’s did when he was forced to eventually to use a computer instead of a pen. As we have seen social constructionist is concerned with how we use categories to structure our experience of the world they believe that the way we understand the world are not natural, but are constructed between people in everyday social interactions, that identity is fluid and changing from one social situation to another. Social constructionist Kiwis reject the notion that people have one core identity that is the centre of who they are. Instead they suggest that people have many different identities, and that these are de-centred because they always operative in relation to other identities. We have seen that identities are not fixed, but are fluid, complex and diverse. There is the interrelationship between the social and personal identities which are constantly contradicting and competing, opening up opportunities for diversity. Individuals to have multiple identities which can do change throughout their life. People can often categorise themselves into different groups, they can choose to adopt their identities to the group they want to belong. People are constantly changing and adopting new identities to suit themselves, adapting and enhancing their self-esteem, which makes us uniquely human and different from other animals. Evidence has shown that contact and education causes people to recognise that they are in face a great deal more similar than they had initially thought which helps us better understand intergroup behaviours and ways of resolving a negative prototype perception of the out-group. Final word count – 1065 References. * Open University Part two Scenario 1 Question 1 This study is not consistent with the guidelines. Whenever varies possible consent of the child has to be obtained. Parents’ consent is required for disclosure of confidential information, and in this case the investigator must receive approval from ethics committee. Special safeguarding procedures are required with children. In United Kingdom a researcher requires a CRB. Children should be given as much opportunity is possible to be explained the nature, purpose and anticipated of taking part, and also be made aware of right to withdraw. Consent is to be asked throughout experiment not just in the beginning, children should feel comfortable. It is advised to refrain from research based upon observation of public behaviour to those situations in which persons being studied might expect to be it cant be said that children would think they would be as they are young. Question 2 In studying childrens play behaviour, it would be wise to contact a local preschool teacher and get consent approval not only from the teacher but also the parents and children, as well approval from ethics committee. Importantly a CRB would be required. After consent has been granted, and all parties have been briefed and given the okay to video record and observe the research would be carried out on a daily basis recording the children in their natural environment over a period of time. On a regular basis right to withdraw would be reminded, and an assurance that everybody is comfortable. The children would be recorded throughout the day whilst they are engaging in playtime to see how they interact with one another. In this environment if anything gets out of hand, the teacher is present and therefore the investigator does not need to get involved, or refrain from resulting in putting anybody in danger. Scenario 2 Question 1 She could have asked the group of people for their consent to participate in the experiment. Make them aware of the nature, purpose and anticipation and their right to withdraw. Keep an adequate record of when, and how and from whom consent was obtained. Ask if they wish to disclose their identity or remain anonymous. She should ask for permission to record the participants. Verify they are competent and are not under the age of 16 otherwise permission from a parent or guardian may be required. Question 2 The researcher might have to be careful if the participant has asked to remain anonymous and be careful whilst quoting as it may threaten to reveal their identity. Another reason might be that the participant never gave consent to be recorded and or quoted which is against the ethics as consent is required, or participant may have withdrawn therefore evidence needs to be destroyed. Question 3 The researcher could make a semi structured interview, and that includes eating disorder questions and other topics to prevent realisation. In this form they can try to find young students who would be willing to participate, and be told their opinion is required on various topics. They would be asked permission for audio recording, and quoting, also debriefed and told of their right to withdraw, and whether or not they like to remain anonymous. Perhaps once the data has been compiled they can be told of the full intentions of the experiment, as the specifics of finding opinions towards eating disorders, and then to be again asked whether or not they would like to withdraw, if they do so the data has to be destroyed. Scenario 3 Question 1 The most relevant is the ethical principle respect, because in this section it asked to respect cultural, religious, and race therefore that relates to the experiment as it is based on religious identity. It is an opinionated questionnaire and this ethics principal asked to respect participant’s knowledge, insight, experience and expertise. As this experiment will be recorded this principle also states that the proper procedure in regards with audio recording, and in regards with consent, right to withdraw. The participant isnt clearly told that opinion is only needed on subject rather than a number of, this section states that withholding information from clients is only exceptional to preserve the integrity of research, and this was the case it was to reduce sociably desirable responses. Question 2 I would rather gather a random group of young teens and inform them that their valuable opinion is required regarding several topics. They would be debriefed with the experiment, asked whether or not they wish to withhold their identity, consent would be needed regarding audio recording and quoting participants. Their rights to withdraw would also be made clear. They would be reassured this is not a test. Question 3 I would fully provide my intentions behind the experiment, that it was a focus topic I was researching on. I would give this additional information because I would have gotten answers from the participant without a cofounding variable, then knowing the intentions behind it, and to avoid any further deception I would make my intentions known, and gives them the right to withdraw if they wish, and if they do so I would then destroy any gathered data including audio recordings. Research Papers on Social Categorization and Social Construction theoryEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThree Concepts of PsychodynamicInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesWhere Wild and West Meet19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Fifth HorsemanResearch Process Part One

STRATEGIC MARKETING MANAGEMENT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

STRATEGIC MARKETING MANAGEMENT - Assignment Example In consideration to the importance of technology in our daily lives, the industry, I have selected for Marketing Research and Planning is ‘Education IT products’. The company that has been selected is Lenovo. Lenovo is a manufacturer of PCs, laptops, desktops and other computer accessories. The history of Lenovo dates back to 1980s (Lenovo Website). Lenovo is operating in UK as well and it is considered as one of the top manufacturers of notebooks in the UK market (Schofield, 2010). The annual report 2009/2010 of Lenovo has revealed that shares of company in the mature markets including UK have declined as compared to its shares in China. Therefore, in this report strategic management analysis of Lenovo has been done and a new product plan has been proposed based on chosen future growth strategy. 2.0 CORPORATE OBJECTIVES The mission statement of Lenovo has been given below: â€Å"Lenovo strives to be a new world company that makes award-winning PCs for our customers. We operate as a company uninhibited by walls or organizational structures using world-sourcing to harness the power of innovation across our global team. We design innovative and exciting products and services to meet our customers’ needs.†(Lenovo Website) As mentioned in the annual report 2009 of Lenovo, the future corporate objectives of Lenovo are given below (Lenovo Website, 2010): Focus on maintaining its growth momentum in its core PC business whereas, exploring new opportunities. Reducing costs and increasing operational efficiency is another corporate objective and to achieve this objective, company has announced a global resource restructuring plan. To expand leadership position in China and to improve profitability in China To return to profitability and maintain and grow shares in the mature markets like UK, US etc To ensure faster end-to-end management in the mature and emerging markets To simplify the business model for global commercial accounts To explore n ew opportunities in mobile interest by coming up new products and through Lenovo Mobile unit 3.0 MARKET OVERVIEW 3.1 Products The current products of Lenovo have been classified into three categories including Professional Grade products, Lifestyle products and Accessories. Professional Grade Lifestyle Accessories ThinkPad Laptops IdeaPad Laptops Monitors ThinkCentre Desktops IdeaCentre Desktops Batteries & Power ThinkStation Workstations Essential Laptop/Desktop Storage ThinkServer Systems All Accessories Source: Lenovo Website The following figure shows sales of Lenovo’s products in 2009 and 2010. Figure shows that notebook computers contribute to the major chunk of the sales with 58 percent and 63 percent in 2009 and 2010 respectively. Figure 1: Sales Analysis by Product, 2009 Source: Lenovo Annual Report 2009/2010 3.2 Target Markets The company has categorised its markets into three groups including China, Mature Markets and Emerging Markets. The Executive Headquarter of Lenovo is in Morrisville, USA whereas, the Principal Operations are in Morrisville (targeting mature markets), Beijing (targeting China) and

Stem Cell Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Stem Cell - Research Paper Example The paper tells that cells with the ability to divide constantly as well as distinguish and extend into numerous cells and tissues of various kinds are known as stem cells. They are ‘blank’ cells as they do not display any precise physiological predisposition. With the onset of appropriate conditions, in vitro or in vivo, stem cells develop into focused tissues and organs as they are self-sufficient and replicate by the process of cell division, indicating that stem cells are biological entities prevalent in multicellular organisms. As stem cells possess distinctive eminence and research embraces an immense assurance for the management and cure of critical and unbearable ailments like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, diabetes and neurological as well as metabolic disorders, diseases related to hear, stroke, bone condition, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, as well as conditions like multiple sclerosis. Stem cells could also be grown to become new tis sue for use in transplant medicine. Research is being carried out across the world to decipher the underlying genetic and biochemical facts triggering stem cell delineation to new cells capable of repairing distorted tissues and organs. Stem cells pave the way towards understanding of various diseases and syndromes. Stem cells are promising resources to test the drugs and agents. Stem cells are pluripotent, i.e. capable of replicating into similar kind of cells or they are capable of specializing into any other specific tissue. There are various categories of stem cells: Embryonic stem cells- They are procured from the interior cells of the blastocyst. Fetal stem cells- They are procured from the germ line tissues of aborted fetus. Umbilical cord stem cells- Blood of the umbilical cord encompasses stem cells similar to the cells present in the bone marrow. Placenta derivative stem cells- Source of enormous stem cells. Adult stem cells- Numerous adult tissues also possess stem cells. These stem cells are harvested to rectify ailments or cloning tissues, organs, animals or humans or they may be harvested for gene-line engineering. The gene-line engineering aims to function towards disease resistance and functional improvement. Induced pluripotent cells- Through nuclear programming scientists have transformed adult cells into stem cells. Nuclear programming alters the genes to behave like embryonic stem cells and thereby avert immune rejection, although adverse effects could not be documented so far. Amniotic fluid stem cells- Researchers have documented the presence of stem cells in amniotic fluid (Where do stem cells come from?; Stem cells: What they are and what they do?). Scientists are using stem cell lines derived from the single stem cell. They are devoid of genetic defects and could be stored as well as used for various research purposes to get regenerative medicines for damaged or degenerated tissues through gene manipulation technique which aids in gene rating

The nyquist theorem is one of the deciding factor in data communication.

The nyquist theorem is one of the deciding factor in data communication. PART A Q1. The Nyquist theorem is one of the deciding factor in data communication. The fibre optics as well as the copper wires are communication mediums. Do you think the theorem is valid for the fiber optics or for the copper wires. Ans. Nyquist theorem is valid for both fibre optics and copper wires this is because the Niquist theorem is purely depend upon the mathematic function and has not any concern with the transmission media for communication. According to Henry Nyquist, a perfect channel has a finite transmission capacity. He derived an equation expressing the maximum data rate for a finite bandwidth noiseless channel. Nyquist said that if an arbitrary signal has been run through a low-pass filter of bandwidth B, the filtered signal can be completely reconstructed by making only 2Bsamples per second. Sampling the line faster than 2B times per second is pointless because the higher frequency components that such sampling could recover have already been filtered out. If the signal consists of L discrete levels, Nyquists theorem states: Maximum bit rate =2* Bandwidth log2 L. For noisy channel: Capacity = bandwidth * log2 (1+SNR), where SNR is signal to noise ratio. Q2. Noise affects all the signals which are there in air. There are some communicating modulation techniques. Noise affects which of the modulation technique the most. Ans. Noise is defined as the disturbance in the signal. When data is send over the network in the form of signal, due the various natural or unnatural circumstances produce disturbance in the signals which is called noise. The noise is various kinds such as thermal noise, crosstalk, and impulse noise. Noise affects all the signals but there are some modulation techniques which are used to reduce the noise. These techniques are: Amplitude modulation Frequency modulation Phase modulation The amplitude modulation is affected most by the noise this is because there is the change in only amplitude and the amplitude is affected easily by the noise. Q3. An analog signal carries 4 bits in each signal element. If 10,000 signal elements are sent per sec, find the Baud Rate and Bit Rate? Ans. Given signal carries r =4 Signal element s=10000 Let N be the bit rate We know that S = N*(1/r) à ° N= S*r à ° N= 10000* 4 à ° N=40000 bps Bit rate is equals to 40000bps Q4. What are the reasons for the imperfection caused in transmission media? How the perfection can be measured? Ans. There are certain reasons for the imperfection caused by the transmission media. These reasons are describe below: Attenuation: All the transmission media has some sort of loss of signal i.e. called attenuation which make then imperfect. During the transmission of the signal from one place to another the loss or energy is occurred which reduce the overall strength of the signals which is called attenuation. For this is reason amplifier is used in various place in the transmission. Noise: Noise is the basically the disturbance which is produced in the signal when the signal send over the transmission media then the natural and un natural climate affect the signal such as pollution etc.   So that some kind of distortion is occur in the signal. Every transmission media is affected with the noise which makes the signal imperfect. Distortion: Distortion means that the change in the signal. Due to some circumstance there must be change in the signal. The signal may deviate from actual one this is called distortion. The perfection can be measure in the form the above three. A transmission media which has less attenuation, less noise and less distortion that transmission media is called perfect. Q5. There are numerous multiplexing techniques available. What in your opinion is the most appropriate multiplexing technique for the fiber optics as well as copper wires? Ans. Multiplexing is the process of converting n signal to the one. There are various technique but two basic technique are FDM(Frequency Division multiplexing) TDM(Time Division multiplexing)   wavelength Division multiplexing In fiber optics multiplexing the best technique used is called WDM Wavelength division multiplexing. The basic principle of WDM on fibers is that n fibers come together at an optical chamber, each with its energy present at a different wavelength. The four beams are combined onto a single shared fiber for transmission to a distant destination. At the far end, the beam is spilt up over as may fibers as there were on the input side. Each output fiber contains a short special- constructed core that filters out all but one wavelength. The resulting signals can be routed to their destination or recombined in different ways for additional multiplexed transport. In the case of the copper wire Frequency division multiplexing technique is used. First the voice channels are raised in frequency, each by a different amount. Then they can be combined because no two channels now occupy the same portion of the spectrum. Notice that even though there are gaps (guard bands) between the channels, there is some overlap between adjacent channels because the filters do not have sharp edges. But nowadays there is use of the Time division multiplexing is used which is particularly deal with the digital signal. In this technique the conversion must be take place from analog to digital signals.   Q6. While transferring the data from the transmission medium there are various aspects of your data getting tempered by other users? Whats your opinion is the most secure and insecure transmission medium. Justify your answer with an example. Ans. Transmission media is the aspect which is caused for tempering of data by the other. All transmission media has this problem. When we use the copper wire it can be taped by another one. One of the improve version is the optical fibre which An improved media is fiber optic cabling, this media does not emanate any signals since it uses light sources to transmit the signals from node to node. It has proved to be the most secure media available for use on LANs today and will continue to be the most secure media until the black hats discover a way to tap it undetected. The last medium reviewed is the wireless media which uses the airways as their path from node to node. The only way to guarantee secure transmissions is to use a layered approach, or combination of techniques to try to encrypt the data. The best way currently to encrypt data over LANs is to use the IPSec protocol with any of the discussed media. IPSec security is compatible with all types of media so it is the one thin g in common with allmedia that will almost guarantee the security of the pathways between nodes. PART B Q1.Assume a stream is made of ten 0s .Encode this stream , using following encoding schemes .How many can you find for each scheme ? Unipolar NRZ-L NRZ-I RZ Manchester Differential Manchester Ans. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unipolar: it can be drawn as: NRZ-L:   It can be drawn as: NRZ-I: it can be drawn as: RZ: it can be drawn as: Manchester: it can be drawn as: Differential Manchester: it can be drawn as: Q2. Two channels ,one with bit rate of 150kbps and another with a bit rate of 140kbps,are to be multiplexed using pulse stuffing TDM with no synchronization bits.Answere the following: What is the size of frame in bits What is the frame rate ? What is the duration of a frame? What is the data rate? Ans. Given bit rate of 1st channel=150 kbps Given bit rate of 2nd channel=140kbps Ans1. We allocate 3 slot for first and 3 slot for 2nd and we each size of frame is six bit. Ans2. Q3. Contrast   compare sampling rate received signal? Ans. In the conversion of the analog to digital, pulse code modulation is used. Sampling is the first stage of the PCM. The analog signal is sampled every Ts second. Where Ts is the sample interval or period. The inverse of sampling interval is called the sample rate or sampling frequency and denote fs where fs = 1/Ts. To produce the anolog signal one necessary condition is that the sampling rate be at least twice the highest frequency in the original signal. This is according to the Nyquist theorem. e.g. Wo well-known examples where sampled sound is used are the telephone and audio compact discs. Pulse code modulation, as used within the telephone system, uses 8-bit samples made 8000 times per second. In North America and Japan, 7 bits are for data and 1 is for control; in Europe all 8 bits are for data. This system gives a data rate of 56,000 bps or 64,000 bps. With only 8000 samples/sec, frequencies above 4 kHz are lost. Received signal strength is a measure of the power present in a received radio signal. RSSI is generic radio receiver technology metric which is usually invisible to the user of device containing the receiver but is directly known to users of wireless networking Q4. Synchronization is the problem in data communication. Explain? Ans. Synchronization technologies are designed to synchronize a single set of data between two or more devices, automatically copying changes back and forth. For example, a users contact list on one mobile device can be synchronized with other mobile devices or computers. Data synchronization can be local synchronization where the device and computer are side-by-side and data is transferred or remote synchronization when a user is mobile and the data is synchronized over a mobile network. In synchronous communications receiver, this specification discloses a decoder for generating a clock signal to synchronize the receiver with the information data rate of the received signal. The implementation of a decoder apparatus as a periodic finite state machine allows a clock signal to be extracted from the energy or transitions of the encoded signal. Such a decoder can define clock information over a large range of data rates. A band pass filter tuned to the characteristic frequency being re ceived can be coupled to the input of the decoder to limit the synchronization range to that desired by the receiver. Q5.Can bit rate be less than the pulse rate? Why or why not? Ans. Yes it is possible. Pulse rate is defined as the number of signals element send per second and the bit rate is defined as the number of data element which may be called bits in one second. Data communication needs to increase the data rate and decrease the pulse rate. So that the speed of transmission may be increased and decrease of bandwidth. But in some of the case it may be possible to the bit rate is less than pulse rate. This is done when the single pulse can carry more bits. When this happen the congestion Q6. A signal is sampled. Each sample represents one of four levels. How many bits are needed to represent each sample? If sampling rate is 8000 samples per second, what is the bit rate Ans. Given Sampling rate = 8000 We know that   bit rate   =1/Sample rate So bit rate =1/8000 =0.000125 bps

Descriptive Essay Beach

Miranda Poole 2/3/13 English 101 Descriptive Essay The Beach: A Relaxing Wonderland It is spring break, in the middle of March, my junior year. As I cross the state line into Florida, I picture the ocean as being a place of peace and serenity. It’s my first time visiting the ocean, and all I can think about is hoping it is as beautiful as the pictures I have seen of it. As I arrive to the beach with all my friends, the eagerness of seeing this peaceful place is rising. I can’t wait to smell the fresh salty air, feel the soft sand between my toes, walk along the breezy shoreline.As we approach the beach, the first thing I notice is the sky. As I look into the cloudless, cerulean blue sky and see the flawlessness of life; in the distance, rolling clear-blue waves crash into each other with such force as that of football players. The sky is breathtaking along with the sounds of the waves and the tide washing onto the shore. The water reminds me of crystals shimmering in th e water with the sun reflecting off of it. As the sun sets, the sky turns into a pink hue with a bright orange sun going down into the horizon.We stroll on the beach, and my feet sink into the soft sand. I stroll along, and the grainy, slick, brown sugar sand pulls my bare feet under and leaves a perfect imprint. I pick up a handful and sift it from my palm slowly, feeling the grittiness of sand with each finger. The view down the beach of the white, but slightly brown sand was enough to make my knees go weak. The sand is such a sensational feeling between my toes and a beautiful view against the crystal blue water. The beach is a beautiful scene of peace and tranquility. Every moment is a different scene.As I sit in my chair I can see all the sights of summer; children building sand castles along the ocean's edge, to my right I observe an elderly couple enjoying a good book. The waves crash into one another, the breeze blowing from the tide, the smell of salty ocean, and the sticky air clinging onto my skin. Charging into the ocean with vigorous splendor and utter excitement, I insert my bare feet into the sea and am taken aback by the shocking coolness of the water. Bringing myself to a halt at mid-calf, I then trudge through the soft currents that splash upon my legs. An abundance of symbiotic, vibrantly olored, and variously sized fish swarm around my feet. Their bodies brush my leg with negligence as they strive to get from one place to another. I wish to stay here forever and realize, at this point, this is where I need to come for serenity and harmony, where all things seem perfect and care free. There is nowhere in the world quite like this, so peaceful and calm. The beach is a wonderland for all ages. Whether you want to have fun in the sun, or relax while reading a good book, the beach is the place to go. The beach is an unforgettable experience that one must witness in their lifetime.

Monitoring Individual Accounts Receivable Accounting Essay

The name that looms largest in early accounting history is Luca Pacioli, who in 1494 first described the system of double-entry clerking used by Venetian merchandisers. Of class, concerns and authoritiess had been entering concern information long before the Venetians. But it was Pacioli who was the first to depict the system ofA debitsA andA creditsA inA journalsA andA ledgersA that is still the footing of today ‘s accounting systems. The dual entry system was foremost used in Genoa, Italy around the thirteenth century and was farther polished in Venice. Luca Pacioli wrote about the â€Å" Method of Venice † in his 1494 book, The Summa and this caused him to be called â€Å" the male parent of accounting † . This method called for three books to be used when entering minutess ; a memoranda book, a diary and a leger. Entries where posted from the memoranda book to the diary with debits on the left and credits on the right. A test balance was required at the terminal of a fiscal period. TheA industrial revolutionA spurred the demand for more advancedA cost accountingA systems, and the development of corporations created much larger categories of external capital suppliers -A shareownersA and bondholders – who were non portion of the house ‘s direction but had a critical involvement in its consequences. The lifting public position of comptrollers helped to transform accounting into a profession, foremost in the United Kingdom and so in the United States. In 1887, 31 comptrollers joined together to make the American Association of Public Accountants. The first standardised trial for comptrollers was given a decennary subsequently, and theA foremost CPAs were licensed in 1896. With the Industrial revolution concerns expanded to great size, both in footings of gross revenues, purchases and staff. These larger concern required capital and capital required investors who in bend required proper coverage of financess. They were besides capable to increased authorities ordinance and revenue enhancement. Accounting kept on progressing to the present twenty-four hours and involves the standardisation of reportingA and the development of international accounting criterions. The cognition economic system along with the on-going information engineering alterations is impacting the manner we are making concern. We are going clients of each other, and the economic value concatenation is incorporating our concerns with our providers, clients, and authoritiess. As accounting is concerned, these peculiar alterations are being reflected in the present tendencies of switching our attending from an disused quantitative attack to a qualitative compulsion where quality, client satisfaction, and invention become the most of import constituents. What is Accounting? Accounting is by and large considered to be the procedure of maintaining path of a concern ‘ fundss by logging itsA histories collectible, A histories receivableA and other fiscal minutess – frequently with accounting. Accounting is besides a profession consisting of persons holding the formal instruction to transport out these undertakings One portion of accounting focal points on showing the information in the signifier of all-purpose fiscal statements ( balance sheet, income statement, etc. ) to people outside of the company. These external studies must be prepared in conformity with by and large accepted accounting rules frequently referred to as GAAP or US GAAP. This portion of accounting is referred to as fiscal accounting. Accounting besides entails supplying a company ‘s direction with the information it needs to maintain the concern financially healthy. These analyses and studies are non distributed outside of the company. Some of the information will arise from the recorded minutess but some of the information will be estimations and projections based on assorted premises. Three illustrations of internal analyses and studies are budgets, criterions for commanding operations, and gauging selling monetary values for citing new occupations. This country of accounting is known as direction accounting. Another portion of accounting involves conformity with authorities ordinances refering to income revenue enhancement coverage. Today much of the recording, storing, and screening facets of accounting have been automated as a consequence of the progresss in computing machine engineering. What is bookkeeping? Bookkeeping involves the recording, hive awaying and retrieving of fiscal minutess for a company, non-profit-making organisation, single, etc. Common fiscal minutess and undertakings that are involved in bookkeeping include: Charging for goods sold or services provided to clients. Recording grosss from clients. Verifying and entering bills from providers. Paying providers. Processing employees ‘ wage and the related governmental studies. Monitoring single histories receivable. Recording depreciation and other seting entries. During the clerking procedure the bookkeeper must pay attending to inside informations on papers that is base for recording ( for illustration, amount, kernel of dealing, spouse of the company ) . In some legal systems there are prescribed demands sing information that must be included in papers. If all necessary information is non included, so papers may be invalid and can non be used for clerking. There are two bookkeeping systems: single-entry clerking system and double-entry clerking system. Single-entry system normally is used by persons and double-entry system is used by companies. A individual that does clerking is called bookkeeper, while a individual that does accounting ( uses informations provided by bookkeeper to fix revenue enhancement studies ) is called an comptroller. Bookkeeping requires cognition of debits and credits and a basic apprehension of fiscal accounting, which includes the balance sheet and income statement. The relationship between accounting and clerking. The footings accountant and bookkeeper are frequently used interchangeably, but they are non the same business. Bookkeepers are the line employees of the accounting map, executing invoicing, paysheet, hard currency aggregation and other everyday undertakings. Accountants supervise bookkeepers and have many other duties. Accountants and bookkeepers are responsible for entering the day-to-day activities of a company in the accounting records. These minutess are normally recorded by concern rhythm, and in larger companies a separate employee may be in charge of each rhythm. Everyday minutess are normally recorded by the bookkeepers, and more complex minutess are recorded by comptrollers. In fact, bookkeepers in organisations may be referred to as accounting clerks. Accountants vs. bookkeepers Book maintaining is merely record of dealing, but accounting is immense scientific discipline of recording, categorization, analyze and summarizing of concern dealing and reading of different consequence. 2. A book keeper ever works under caput comptroller and book keeper is frequently said history helper. 3. Calculation of revenue enhancement and filling of revenue enhancement return is the portion of responsibilities of comptroller. But, he can take aid from book keeper for tracking the sum of the incomes of concern. 4. Book maintaining is merely similar machine work in which book keeper passes the verifiers into books but accounting work is to the full professional and need high experience for analysis and reading of fiscal statements. 5. Most hard portion of book maintaining work is to rapprochement of bank history with base on balls book, hard currency balance with physical hard currency in manus, stock in books with physical stock in Go down. Most hard work of comptroller is to do concluding history and analysis of fiscal statements. Both bookkeepers and comptrollers play a cardinal function in your concern. The chief users of accounting information Accounting is frequently called the linguistic communication of concern because all organisations set up an accounting information system to pass on informations to assist people make better determinations. The accounting information system serves many sorts of users who can be divided into two ( 2 ) groups: External and Internal users. External information users External users of accounting information are non straight involved in running the organisation. Yet many of their of import determinations depend on specially information that is dependable, relevant and comparable. They include: Stockholders ( investors ) Lenders Customers Directors Suppliers The media Lawyers Each external user has particular information demands depending on the types of determination to be made. Lenders ( Creditors ) They loan money or other resources to an organisation. Lenders look for information to assist them assess whether an organisation it likely to refund

Definition Of Aps ( Comprehension ) - 1825 Words

APS 1 Definition of APS (comprehension): An effective teacher must constantly be thinking about long range goals for their learners. Their lessons should be implemented with a future follow up lesson in mind. Lessons should build off of each previous lesson to help the students learn sequentially. In order for a teacher to teach effectively, she must create lessons that aid in student success. Instruction should be developmentally appropriate for the particular grade level being taught. The objectives should be active and describe exactly what a learner should be doing and should learn from the lesson. The objectives should foster student centered learning and be connected with lessons that have already been implemented. These lessons†¦show more content†¦The objectives also specify what the learners need to do. Bloom’s Taxonomy provides more complex understanding through the levels of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. The teacher’s next step is to implement a plan of instruction to convey content and skills the learner needs to master. The teacher should also reflect on ways to differentiate instruction based on the needs of individual learners in the class including specific tendencies, strengths, and weaknesses. The materials and use of technology should be thoughtfully prepared and written out to help keep a flow of the instruction. A prepared teacher is a positive influence on learners and demands high expectations of his/her learners. The lesson should also provide performance opportunities for the learners which provides a prime environment for the teacher to formatively assess the learners on their progress thus far. This constant check through formative assessment provide data which inform future lessons. Relationship Between Artifact and APS (analysis level): I chose my sixth grade English lesson plan on context clues as my artifact. It is an appropriate artifact for APS 2 because, (finish this statement). Before, I started to write this lesson I had to look at the standards and find the purpose of my